HR's Role in an Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HR's Role in an Organization - Essay Example Maund (2001) outlined that organizations have initiated a change by putting attention on serving their employees attain long-term employability throughout extensive career development instead of workers employment safety. However, this could be achieved by making use of standard performance and developmental arrangement among workers and directors. Additionally, in scenario of Dell business we need to establish some learning objectives that are associated with the business objectives in order to make sure business development. In this scenario at Dell Corporation managers should be accountable for making sure that the performance development procedure takes place among their personnel. Since, learning is as well more and more being utilized as an instrument to make sure the efficient change management (Maund, 2001). This paper has presented a detailed analysis of the human resource management functions with respect to Dell Corporation. This paper has outlined some of the main aspects regarding the Dell business HRM enhancement and offered some recommendations to improve the Dell business HRM and influence on the business strategic developments and process. I hope this research will offer a deep insight into the Dell’s HRM functions. DELL-1. (2004, June). Principles of Globalization and Global Citizenship. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from Capaccio Environmental Engineering, Inc. : http://ems-hsms.com/Docs/Dell-%20Encouraging%20Suppliers.pdf McKinnon, P. (2004, May 03). HRM-Measurement of Culture & Climate. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from HR.COM Limited. : http://www.hr.com/SITEFORUM?&t=/Default/gateway&i=1116423256281&b=1116423256281&application=story&active=no&ParentID=1119278069586&StoryID=1119653855187&xref=http%3A//www.google.com.pk/search%3Fhl%3Den%26ei%3DzdzwSv30M4mWkAWKh9iYBw%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dspell%2 Wright, P. M., McMahan,

Week Two LT Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week Two LT Assignment - Essay Example By integrating the quality program to the core process of their manufacturing of CD changers, BJB will be able to produce durable components. The products target market already exists; hence the main issue with the product is durability and better sound quality for vehicles. High end CD-changers should be of appropriate size saves on power and has the appeal for various car markers. Cost effectiveness would be applied by using affordable and durable electronic parts from countries like Japan. The recommended quality management approach to use for various projects is a Quality Philosophy methodology. This method is beneficial; firstly, because it guides and influences the way directors of the company applies strategy and innovation (Hoyle, 2008). By reducing staff turnover and improving quality assurance, this approach can be deemed most appropriate. Additionally, the organization will be in a position to motivate itself to meet their clients’ demand of quality products and services. A quality philosophy system will help BJB to enhance their productivity by engaging the organization divisions and the external contributors like suppliers and lenders. This usually creates a culture of continuous innovation in problem solving of technical matters. In conclusion, by adopting this philosophy, BJB can easily adapt to the ever consumer needs and this will promote efficiencies and quality on higher level (Hoyle, 2008). This is the basis of creating excellence and a healthy team that not only promotes business success but also sustains continuous

Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm Value

Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm Value Introduction If there is debt in a companys capital, such a company is termed leveraged or geared company. A gearing ratio demonstrates the relationship between fixed interest and equity capital in the finance of a business Measured: Fixed Interest Capital OR Fixed Interest Capital Capital Employed Equity The financial lever is a norm in measuring the scale of using debt in the firms capital structure. One of the most important issues in financial discussions is obtaining a blend of capital structure which has the most attractions for the investors. The structure of capital is a required link between debt and the equity that provides financial needs for preparing the companys properties. STATEMENT OF RESEARCH QUESTION There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and firm. 1.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and earnings per share 2.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and price earnings ratio. 3.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and returns to equity. 4.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and operating profit. WHY INTERESTING The above research questions are interesting as they will address the following: Provide answer on the impact of gearing on the firms value; reconcile the argument as to whether financial leverage has relationship with earning per share; the level of correlation between financial leverage and price earnings ratio as well as operational profit. The questions will also seek to highlight the risks associated with leverage. Relation to previous research (Theoretical Framework) CAPITAL STRUCTURE THEORIES A companys capital structure shows all the sources of finance a company is utilizing to finance its operations. Capital structure refers to how a company finances its operations and it is usually made up of: Ordinary share capital Preference share capital Debt capital. There are two main theories about the effect of changes in gearing on the WACC and share value. There are: a.The traditional view b.The net operating income approach For which a behavioral justification was proposed by Franco Modigliani and Melton H. Miller (M M) in 1958 (Gitman, 2006). TRADITIONAL VIEW The traditional view states that debt capital is cheaper than equity and that such a company can increase its value by borrowing up to a reasonable limit (the optimal level of gearing). Return Kw Ke Kd P GEARING With the traditional theory, the following assumptions hold sway: Â   1.The cost of debt will remain constant until a significant point is reached when it would start to rise. 2.The WACC will fill immediately an external source of finance is introduced and will bring thereafter as the level of gearing increases. 3.The companys market value and the market value per share will be maximized where WACC is at the lowest point. M-MS SUPPORT OF THE OPERATING INCOME APPROACH The original normative theory of company valuation and capital structure was put forward in form of a behavioral justification of the Net Operating Income Approach by Franco Modigliani and Melton H. Miller (M-M) in 1958 (Gitman, 2006). To appreciate the propositions by M-M, it will be better to understand the M-M assumptions which are stated below. From these assumptions, M-M set out their three propositions. PROPOSITION I This states that a company cannot change the total value of its securities just by splitting its cash flow into different streams; the companys value is determined by its real assets, not by the securities it issues. Thus, capital structure is irrelevant if the companys investment decisions are taken as given. PROPOSITION II The expected rate of return on the equity of a geared company increases in proposition to the debt-equity ratio (debt/equity), expressed in market values; the rate of increase depends on the spread between the expected rate of return on a portfolio of all the companys securities, and the expected return on the debt. PROPOSITION III This provides a rule for optimal investment policy by the company: The cut off point for investment in the company will in all cases be the WACC and will be completely unaffected by the types of security used to finance the investment. Consequently, if the first two propositions hold, the cut-off rate used to evaluate investments will not be affected by the type of funding used to finance them, whatever may be the capital structure. The gain from using debt (at lower cost) is offset by the increased cost of equity (due to increased risk) and WACC therefore remains unchanged. Proposed methods STATEMENT OF METHOD Secondary data from financial database will be used. To determine the impact of leverage on the value of firm, a thorough study will be taken on each entity in the integrated chain. My choice of the above data collection method rested on their validity and research question. I also consider them to be less costly in relation to others. The study will try to integrate various academic literatures and examine the impact of financial leverage on the value of firms. Therefore, I shall obtain unbalanced panel comprising 25 companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period ranging from 2001- 2010 with relevant information over the last years. These firms and their published accounts will be used to determine the variable that will be stated. CHOICE OF THEORY There are two basic theories about the impact of financial leverage on firms value; the traditional theory and the Modigliani Millers theory. I shall base my study on the theory which seem more realistic with empirical fact. CAPITAL STRUCTURE In the academic literature, there two possible indictors of capital structure, namely, debt-equity ratio, defined as total debt divided by book value of common equity, and a ratio of debt total assets. In this analysis, the ratio of debt to common equity will be used. This will be more useful to explain the choice of a capital structure as compared to the ratio of debt to total assets. This variable shall be denoted as CS in our analysis. DATA COLLECTION The collection tools for the research project includes: Financial times statistical data from Nigerian Stock Exchange, Augusto rating on debt Equity Companies, Financial Index Journal. Others tool include the companys annual reports and account, the internet, financial newspaper particularly, Thisday, Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) journals, Financial Standard, Business Times and some other foreign journal consulted at various library. The testing technique to be employed is regression and correlation analysis with the chi-square X2 distribution, which allows comparisons of an actual observed distribution with a hypothesized or expected distribution. This method is often referred to as a goodness of fit test. SAMPLE FRAME The secondary data above will be used in addition to the financial statement and Accounts of selected companies: Nigerian Breweries Plc, Pharma Deko Plc and Evans Medicals Plc. The result of the investigation will be analyzed and tested. The firm size shall be determined by its log of sales as published in their financial statements. Firms turnover as a percentage of capital employed will be used in our model. It is often argued that performance is a function of firm size and if we are to make a regression model with performance as response variable, it is important to incorporate firm size in our model. Firm size may be positively or negatively related to leverage. Odeleye (2014) come forward with the idea that large firms may exercise economies of scale, have better knowledge of markets and can employ better management personnel. Firm size also measures a firms market power or level of concentration within the industry. Reflections Finance: The execution of this project required substantial financial outlay. The sourcing and gathering of data, paying working visit to firm, conducting enquiry to the operations of the company and packaging available information into coherent project, required funding. Time: It takes time to conduct inquiry, investigation as well as gather, compile analysis and interprets data and then organizes them into a research work. The researcher worked under severe constraints of time as there was a deadline for the submission of the project. Attitude of the Practitioner: Although some information was readily provided by staff of the organization, a few other relevant ones were considered as confidential and strenuous efforts had to be made to collect some of the information that were regarded as confidential. Altogether, the limitations were so severe as to vitiate the research outcome, more especially because the researcher managed to overcome the obstacle. Physically, only some selected leveraged companies in manufacturing activities as an option for growth enhancement of market are included to minimize the expenses. Another limitation is that not all leveraged companies turn out to be successful in relation to market values; this research does not cover those companies. I obtained all the necessary information I needed for empirical analysis considering the advanced nature of the financial reporting of the firms under review which confounds to international standard? The financial regulation in Nigeria might not be up to date with respect to submission of financial statement. The gathering of data from some of the companys department required some payment. This expenses which was budgeted for constituted a challenge, yet there was a possibility of missing some data which is not found on the financial statement of the companies. This study was carried out with a sample of firms listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange. The first empirical obstacle will be the availability of data for a minimum of ten trading years for the firms under study. The financial regulations in Nigeria require firms to submit their audited financial statements as well as certain information regarding their firms value. However, the data submitted by firms are in hard copy format and they are thus stored at the companys department in paper format. Given that availability is limited to hard copies, I feel that I will need to bear into mind the time factor involved in the manual gathering of relevant data. Moreover, data regarding a single company might be in different volumes and this might involve delay out of proportion in this assignment. Timetable July 2015 Proposal Submission August 2015 Proposal Approval September/October 2015 Literature review November 2015 submission and amendment of chapter 1based on examiners approval/comment December 2015 submission and amendment of chapter 2 based on examiners approval/comment January 2016 submission and amendment of chapter 3 and 4 based on examiners approval/comment February 2016 submission and amendment of chapter 5 based on examiners approval/comment March 2016 Proof reading, final editing, printing/binding and project submission References Akinsulire, O. (2002), Financial Management 2002. COEMOL Nig. Ltd Gitman, L. (2006). Leverage and Capital Structure (4TH Ed). Boston: Pearson Anderson Wiley. Odeleye, A. (2014) Corporate Financing and Efficiency of Indigenous Energy Firms in Nigeria: A literature Review. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy. 4(1).

Thomas Hardy and Censorship of His Works Essay -- Biography Biographie

Thomas Hardy and Censorship of His Works During the Victorian Era, writing served as an outlet to influence a changing society. Because the family and domestic life were integral parts of that society, much time was spent at home reading. These Victorian readers had been strongly affected by the political, economic, social, and religious changes that had been taking place. They rebelled against the growth that was taking place, blaming their problems on religious doubt, Darwin and the rise of science, class conflict, poverty, and industrialization. In addition, Victorian Puritanism spoke out against sex, the emancipation of women, and strong individualism in women, believing that they would lead to the end of strong moral standards in the family and in society as a whole. As a result of all of these controversies, people developed a tremendous fear of change and criticized any idea or work that threatened their sense of stability (Chapman 35-50.). Thomas Hardy and other creative artists of his time thus faced a highly criti cal audience and often were forced to censor some of their more liberal ideas. Thomas Hardy as a writer had been greatly influenced in his youth by some of the more liberal thinkers of the time such as John Stuart Mill and Darwin. He even claimed at one time that he believed he was one of the first to read On the Origin of Species. In his novels, Hardy incorporated many of these themes in order to portray a real world. Darwin's challenge led Hardy to lose faith in Christianity, and this lack of faith gives his novels their tragic, bleak element. However, because novels in the nineteenth century were serially published in installments in magazines, Hardy, particularly at the end of his career, found it d... ...ss, received negative reviews. He even wrote an added preface to the novel in July of 1892 (when the first one-volume edition was published) in order to comment on the critical reception of the work. After encountering similar difficulties with the publication of Jude the Obscure and after working with four different publishers over a ten-year period, Hardy ceased writing novels and focused his efforts on writing poetry where he could more fully express his ideas without restrictions. Bibliography and Works Cited Chapman, Raymond. The Victorian Debate: English Literature and Society, 1832-1901. New York: Basic Books, Inc., Publishers, 1968. Millgate, Michael. Thomas Hardy: A Biography. New York: Random House, 1982. Orel, Harold, ed. Thomas Hardy's Personal Writings: Prefaces, Literary Opinions, Reminiscences. Kansas: University of Kansas Press, 1966.

Roles and Responsibilities in Lifelong Learning

Danny Bostock Roles and responsibilties in lifelong learning. Case study of a teacher/tutor/trainer in the lifelong learning sector. This role may be drawn from from a part of the sector in which you work, or where you wish to work. Where appropriate, it will be acceptable for some of your information to be summarised in tables, charts or diagrams. You must include: Clear evidence of relevant reading Inportant principles Professional valuesAtleast 3 references to support your findings Word count = 500-800 (+/- 10%) Summarise key aspects of legislation,regulatory requirements and codes of practice relating to own role and responsibilities As a consequence of a lawsuit which led to the life sentences of Marie-Therese Kouao and Carl Manning for the abuse and eventual murder of Victoria Climbie in 2003 a public enquiry was launched, which widely criticized many services put into place to protect children. Associated reading: Ann Gravell’s Teaching CycleMany failings where found and as a result a series of government measures where put into place to reduce the risks to vulnerable children and young adults. The most relevant to the case of Victoria Climbie was the introduction of the children act 2004, and a new strategy ECM (‘every child matters -change for children') ,this was designed to repair the flawed system which led to such blinding incompetance from various departments as a result of not communicating with each other and sharing their findings in order to cross reference them.This has so far made huge improvements to the amount of support 0 to 19 year olds receive and as a result reduced the chances of repitition of cases such as this. Pg 1 Danny Bostock As part of this development towards higher levels of accountability in 2007 the learning and skills sector introduced a new framework of teacher qualification requirements which asked that all teachers, trainers a nd tutors working in colleges and other publicly funded organisations to hold an appropriate teaching qualification.In 2008 a code of practice was introduced covering the activities of teachers working in the broader lifelong learning sector (LLL), to be regulated by the institute for learning(IFL). A number of the legislative provisions relate to my own work for brighter future workshop which is a community based social enterprise that provides supported vocational training and personal development opportunities to young people with severe learning and physical disabilities from deprived local communities. This support is delivered in a safe and secure workshop enviroment.My job has many requirements from me such as safeguarding myself and my students from various dangers as well as making sure our equal opportunities policy is applied in all activities each and every day in order to give the students the best possible experiences within their time with me. The policy's principals require that: Everyone is of equal value and worth Negative discrimination is unacceptable and will not be tolerated Attitudes which lead to harmful, prejudiced behaviour will be challenged and changedEvery trainee has different strengths and abilities; it is our responsibility to enable each one to realise their full potential pg 3 Danny Bostock Hence BFW abides by the IFL code of practice, in its pursuit of professional integrity, respect for others and the care of learners, and is fully commited to fulfilling the five ECM outcomes for its young trainees, namely of being healthy, staying safe,enjoying and achieving, making a positive contribution and achieving ergonomic well being.In order to ennsure my compliance with the relevant legislation (equality act 1977), within my workplace each and every student is at first assessed throughout various intervals in order to identify the differences in their learning abilities and styles, from this I can come up with a plan of action on h ow to tailor my teaching methods around them so the student benefits from the classes as much as possible.This is made difficult in my workplace as needs ; abilities can vary on a regular basis aswell as reactions to surroundings, because of this our initial assessment is in a state of constant review. Explain your roles and responsibilities in lifelong learning for promoting equality and valuing diversity in maintaining a safe supportive learning environmentAt Brighter future we have a very successful programme that has provided dedicated , one to one vocational training and personal developmental support to young disabled and disadvantaged people for over seven years, with the aim of changing the lives of people who have significantly fewer opportunities than most people in society. My role is to support the training coordinator and workshop manager in the development of the following components aimed at maximising opportunity and accessibility for people who would otherwise be ex cluded from mainstream opportunities.Flexible personal training and development programmes have allowed trainees to progress at their own pace, thereby achieving a range of benefits in terms of improved life skills, greater self esteem and new technical/vocational abilities One to one mentoring and support by trained technicians has allowed disabled trainees to quickly gain confidence snd self belief, build trust and learn a range of mechanical and electrical skillsGroup tasks involving disabled beneficiaries and disadvantaged young people has removed social barriers such as discrimination and prejudice, and promoted greater social cohesion and wider awareness of disability issues Danny Bostock Correctly structured and supported training that has enabled some disabled trainees to take on additional responsibilities as qualified mentors and/or training assistants,as well as the supervision of some operation tasks such as fault checks, stock deliveries and database support.Many disabl ed people remain on the margins of society and it is the role of all the staff at Brighter future to redress some of these inequalities. For example, young people in Lancashire with disabilities (and other special needs) are more likely to be living in poverty than their peers, and are twice as likely not to be in education, employment and/or trainingpost 16. pg 4

Adapting Community Interventions for Different Cultures and Communities Essay

The Mexican Americans had their own unique identity. They had their own style in each decade starting from the 1940s– including the Zoot Suit Riots, to the Chicano Movement, then to the 2000s –which is known as the LA punk looks. During the 1940’s, young Mexican Americans wanted to fight for their justice against the United States servicemen. They started a group and began to wear clothing that was out of the ordinary. They wore baggy dress pants and big drape jackets, including a hat. Because of their clothing, people called them the Zoot Suits but they referred themselves as Pachucos and Pachuca. According to the article â€Å"6 Decades of Mexican and Mexican- American Style Evolution† (Agrawal), there are 6 different decades of the Mexican- American style that include: the 1940s– the Pachuco look, the 1950s– the start of the Civil Rights Movement, where Rock music combined with fashion and included curled hair and polka-dot dresses for the women, the 1960s, the Chicano Movement and the Chicano Activists movement, the 1980s– which was shaped due to hip- hip and was known to be the Chola look, then the 1900s– which starred Selena, the Queen of Tejano music who became known due to her iconic style and became a well known music idol, and lastly, the 2000s. The 2000s allowed women to express their strength and solidarity through the LA punk style by keeping a simple makeup look. Although Mexican- Americans used their art through music, Chinese Americans believed in respecting their art through appropriation . Another significant time in US history was the Chinese Exclusion Act that included Chinese Immigrants. According to the article, â€Å"The Chinese Exclusion Acts: A Racist Chapter in U.S. Civil Rights History† (Chin), The Act that started in the year of 1882 prohibited: immigration on Chinese laborers, denying naturalization, and enforced Chinese laborers who are already legal in the United States and later want to re-enter and receive a certificate to return. The Chinese Immigrants worked as servants, fishermen, farmers, etc. They also worked on railroads and miners. Due to the Chinese Exclusion Act, it has turned the table around and changed history for Chinese immigrants and they were treated differently. They were treated differently because they were â€Å"different† from others by their looks and the way they dressed. Non- Chinese people would sometime be jealous of what Chinese Americans accomplished. Sticking to their cultures and backgrounds, the Chinese men wo uld usually have their hair long and in a ponytail, their clothing would consist of cultural robes, which is known as a Cheongsam. Cheongsam is worn as Chinese cultural appropriation for respect. Usually Chinese friends and family have to give the approval if you are allowed to wear a Cheongsam. Until today’s world, many people still stereotype not only Chinese people but Asian Americans in general due to what they wore back then because of their culture. Despite the appropriation, the Chinese Americans believed in, African Americans took a stand and did for what they believed in to achieve justice as well as the Mexican Americans. Going back into the 1900s, African Americans then segregated into urban housing. As they began to take over a community in New York City and begin with the Harlem Renaissance, which was located in northern Manhattan. During the Harlem Renaissance, several groups and organizations appealed to improvements economically and educationally. According to the article â€Å"The Harlem Renaissance a Cultural Rebirth† (Hall), after black soldiers engaged in World War I, they wished for a better America for themselves. This time period included African Americans making a great remark within their culture. Due to their remark, they also created a climatic change within their fashion statement. This fashion statement included: the Flappers, a masculine look for women, and day and night dresses. Flappers is another word for dancers because of the dresses they wore that made it easier for them to dance in. During this era, women decided to stand out and portray the masculine look. Women woul d want to wear men’s clothing and began to smoke, drink and drive, etc. Because of this movement, they created several movies until today’s world portraying â€Å"the Harlem Renaissance†. Some movies include Harlem Nights, Brother to Brother, Murder in Harlem, and the recent popular one that features similar actions of the Harlem Renaissance would be The Great Gatsby that features Leonardo DiCaprio. Although during the Harlem Renaissance was more of a fashion statement by making a remark, the Native Americans were quite different in terms of making their own fashion. During the time of the Wounded Knee Massacre, there were about 300 Native American deaths. There was a battle between the Native Americans and the United States soldiers in the Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota. During this time Native Americans took belief in their Ghost Dance. The Ghost Dance was a religious dance to bring back their original world and to protect themselves. During this time Native Americans would have to hunt for animals to use their skin to make clothing and to stay warm. Hunting and gathering was a way for them to survive. In today’s society, American Indian culture has changed. As of now we usually see depictions of the American Indian culture in social media. Such as music videos, movies, or television shows that portray the American Indian culture. It has changed compared to back then. Their culture contains making art, clothing, jewelry, dance, and fashion. To the Native American culture, they typically don’t have a certain clothing they wear for appropriation. According to the article â€Å"Native by Design† (Montgomery), they believe that appropriation does not matter and what matters is representing where they came from and showing off their beliefs as much as possible. Urban Outfitters –the popular clothing company– brings off the Navajo vibe in every store. This includes the designs in the store, several pieces of their clothing, and the setting of the store. This represents that even though Native Americans had one culture back then, it doesn’t mean it has changed drastically. Throughout time, culture, beliefs, and traditions, we soon come to realize the true beauty behind it all. We realize the true beauty of different ethnic groups, especially of our own culture and beliefs. Yes, it will all change over a certain span, but it all depends on what we want to believe in and what we want to keep believing in. Till today’s society, the beliefs we used to believe in will become more and more modern as time goes by and it will evolve quickly before we know it. Stereotypes will change, beliefs will change, etc. It is best to understand the true beauty of one’s culture. Despite all the stereotypes and the modern technology, we should take in consideration of our own culture and admire what we have. Fashion will change each and every year but we just have to make the most of it and express ourselves through art. Like these four different Ethnic groups: Mexican Americans, Chinese Immigrants, African Americans, and Native Americans; they all believed i n different cultures and beliefs but each group used their own unique way to express what is theirs.